UTIs are common infections affecting millions, primarily among women. In addition to being painful and troublesome, they rarely result in the higher complications of pyelonephritis, an infection of the kidneys. Recent medical perspectives have thrown some light on the mechanisms that normally confine UTIs to the lower urinary tract, preventing their escalation into kidney infections….

At the center of the North Atlantic, the Faroe Islands and Iceland testify to how Viking exploration and settlement have ever lingered. Studies of island populations’ genetic make-ups have recently helped clarify their origins, revealing so dramatically separate paternal lineages that they may have been introduced to the islands as something other than planned agricultural…